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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Commentsface="Times New Roman Star"*a.nkaj face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"young of ungulates (less than 1-year-old) face="Times New Roman Star"детеныш копытных животных (до года) face="Times New Roman Star"anaj face="Times New Roman Star"yn|a:x 'young of ungulates and bears' face="Times New Roman Star"anaj, Todzh. a'naj face="Times New Roman Star"anhaj face="Times New Roman Star"Рассадин 154. face="Times New Roman Star"*KAlba face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wild garlic, leek face="Times New Roman Star"черемша face="Times New Roman Star"? qalma 'a k. of food' (Rach.) face="Times New Roman Star"xalba face="Times New Roman Star"qalba face="Times New Roman Star"qalma face="Times New Roman Star"xylba face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 227. Cf. an OT (MK ) Hapax keleb 'a tender plant which grows in the Turk's summer pastures and fattens livestock quickly' (EDT 716), keleb-le- 'to be covered by this plant (of a mountain)', for which cf. also Sak. kalarba" 'a k. of plant, whose root is used in medicine' (Bailey 35). See also Стеблин-Каменский 1982 , 77, comparing the Sak. form with Pers., Tadzh. kalam 'cabbage' (> Turkm. kelem) - these all may be variously transformed substratum loanwords, cf. also Greek kramba": 'cabbage, radish, rutabaga' - according to Frisk possibly < Pelasg. face="Times New Roman Star"*o":ku" face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"hole in ice face="Times New Roman Star"полынья face="Times New Roman Star"o"g|u" face="Times New Roman Star"o"ku" face="Times New Roman Star"o"ju" face="Times New Roman Star"vagъ face="Times New Roman Star"u"ki face="Times New Roman Star"u"ki face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 517, VEWT 370. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ku"bru"g face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"drum face="Times New Roman Star"барабан face="Times New Roman Star"ku"bru"g (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"ku"vru"g (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"kewru"g (Osm.) face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar. ) ku"wru" (Qutb ), ku"vru"g (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 690-691. face="Times New Roman Star"*Ka:p face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 caul 2 virgin's hymen 3 scrotum 4 bladder 5 afterbirth face="Times New Roman Star"1 оболочка плода 2 девственная плева 3 мошонка 4 пузырь 5 послед face="Times New Roman Star"qap (MK ) 1, qapaq (MK ) 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qapc?yq 3, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"qabyc?aq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qapc?yq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"ko"pc?ek 5 face="Times New Roman Star"xapc?yq 3 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 578, 583; ЭСТЯ 5, 266-267 (the root should be probably distinguished from the homonymous *Ka:p 'sack, cover' q. v. sub *k[a:]p`a/ ). face="Times New Roman Star"*Eltiri face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"skin of kid or lamb face="Times New Roman Star"шкура козленка или ягненка, каракуль face="Times New Roman Star"elri, eldiri (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"elteri (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"ilti>r face="Times New Roman Star"eltirik (IM ) face="Times New Roman Star"a"ltera" face="Times New Roman Star"elteri, elter (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri> face="Times New Roman Star"eltiri face="Times New Roman Star"ilti>r face="Times New Roman Star"elti>ri>, eltir face="Times New Roman Star"eltiri face="Times New Roman Star"eltir face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 135, ЭСТЯ 1, 269-270. face="Times New Roman Star"*Erneg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"edge (of a dish) face="Times New Roman Star"край, кромка (посуды) face="Times New Roman Star"ernek (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"irna"w face="Times New Roman Star"ernek (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"ern|ek face="Times New Roman Star"erdo": face="Times New Roman Star"ernew face="Times New Roman Star"irne- 'to border' face="Times New Roman Star"ernek face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 301. The root is attested late and may be theoretically derived from *Erin 'lip' (v. sub *i_a>\re/ ); however, the latter can also mean 'edge (of a dish)' in some languages and one can suspect that PT actually merged *Erin 'lip' and *Erin 'edge', while the form *Erneg was derived only from the latter. face="Times New Roman Star"*u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to blow face="Times New Roman Star"дуть face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"o"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- (Pav. C. , AH , Houts. ), hu"r- (R.) face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"v@w|r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"o"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"u"r- face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 195-196, ЭСТЯ 1, 635-636, Stachowski 253. face="Times New Roman Star"*jabl/an face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"wormwood face="Times New Roman Star"полынь face="Times New Roman Star"japc?an, javc?an (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"jaws?an face="Times New Roman Star"jovs?an face="Times New Roman Star"c?as?pan face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 4, 53-55, EDT 872. face="Times New Roman Star"*sogut / *soktu face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"stuffed guts, sausage face="Times New Roman Star"набитые внутренности, колбаса face="Times New Roman Star"sog|ut, soqtu (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"su:k-xan face="Times New Roman Star"soqto face="Times New Roman Star"soqta face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 806. face="Times New Roman Star"*c?ok- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 to pray 2 to sacrifice 3 to baptize 4 to worship 5 bailment, pledge face="Times New Roman Star"1 молиться 2 приносить жертву 3 креститься 4 поклоняться 5 порука, поручительство face="Times New Roman Star"c?uqyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?o.qin- 3, 1 (disapprovingly), 4 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqun- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oq et- 1 (ЯЖУ ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqun- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|yn- 1 (Sag.- R 2, 2014) face="Times New Roman Star"s?oqta- 'to besprinkle idols with an exclmation s?oq!' R 4, 1024) face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|yr- 2 (Lebed. R 3, 2014), c?oqto- 'to besprinkle idols with an exclamation c?oq!' (R 3, 2009) face="Times New Roman Star"s/ъk 5 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqun- 3, 4 face="Times New Roman Star"s?oqyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"suqyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"s?oqyn- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?oqun- 3 face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 113-114, Егоров 328, Федотов 2, 426-427. Ra"sa"nen's attempt to explain the verb as "baptism through immersion" (linking Kypch. c?oqur 'pit' and Taranchi c?oqur- 'to sink' (R 3 , 2007) appears unconvincing. The former word is derived from c?ok- 'to delve', and the latter should be corrected to c?o"ku"r- according to more modern sources. The semantic transfer of a pagan ceremony to the Christian one seems quite natural in an islamicized society. The same root may be represented by the exclamation (made during a libation), Oyr. c?oq!, Shor s?oq!, and further - the approbatory exclamation Kirgh. c?ok!, Kaz. s?oq! etc. Quite unlikely is the hypothesis of a loan from Hebrew (Y. Malov, quoted in Федотов ). In fact, the meaning in Chuv. ('pledge') and the external parallels suggest that the religious component in the meaning of *c?ok- is relatively late (having evolved after the separation of Bulgars): 'pledge' > 'sacrifice' > 'praying' > 'baptizing'. Turk. > Hung. cso"k 'sacrifice', see Gombocz 1912 . face="Times New Roman Star"*jAja face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 buttocks 2 thigh 3 waist face="Times New Roman Star"1 ягодицы 2 ляжка 3 поясница face="Times New Roman Star"jaja (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aja 3 face="Times New Roman Star"c?aja: 2 face="Times New Roman Star"z?|aja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"z?aja 1 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 980, VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 12, Лексика 281. face="Times New Roman Star"*(j)ip- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"violet-coloured, purple face="Times New Roman Star"фиолетовый, бордовый face="Times New Roman Star"jipin, jipgin face="Times New Roman Star"jipkil (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"j@w|pk@w|n 'deep-coloured' face="Times New Roman Star"o"kpen| face="Times New Roman Star"ipkin face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 877, 874, Федотов 1, 197. face="Times New Roman Star"*sere face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"span between the big finger and index finger face="Times New Roman Star"расстояние между большим и указательным пальцами face="Times New Roman Star"sere face="Times New Roman Star"sa"ra" (dial.) face="Times New Roman Star"sere face="Times New Roman Star"sere face="Times New Roman Star"sere face="Times New Roman Star"sera" face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 411, ЭСТЯ 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*Tydyn face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"time, appointed time face="Times New Roman Star"срок face="Times New Roman Star"tydyn (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"tyd|yn face="Times New Roman Star"tyna (3 Sg. Dat.) 'промежуток рабочего времени от одной передышки до другой' face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 457. face="Times New Roman Star"*K(i)al/- face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 lazy, vile (in addressing a slave) 2 lazy, stubborn face="Times New Roman Star"1 ленивый, негодный (обращение к рабу) 2 ленивый, упрямый face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| (Pav. C. ) face="Times New Roman Star"qas?s?an| 'poor, beggar' face="Times New Roman Star"qas?s?aq 1, 2, qas?an| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qaz?an| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"xъli 'невзрачный, плохонький', xъlin 'хитрец, упрямец, лодырь, лентяй' face="Times New Roman Star"qas?an| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"dial. qas?s?aq 1, 2, dial. qas?an 2 face="Times New Roman Star"qasan| 2 face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 673, ЭСТЯ 5, 348-350. Turk. > WMong. qas?an| 'slow, lazy' (Clark 1980 , 42); some of the modern Turkic forms may be borrowed back from Mong. (as certainly is Chuv. xaz?an). face="Times New Roman Star"*jogdu face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"hair in camel's beard face="Times New Roman Star"волосы под подбородком у верблюда, льва и т.д. face="Times New Roman Star"jog|du, jog|ru(j) (MK ), z?|og|du (Oghuz., Kypch. MK) face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|dyr face="Times New Roman Star"jog|dra 'tassel' (Верб. ) face="Times New Roman Star"c?og|dur face="Times New Roman Star"z?|og|dor face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 899, ДТС 270, Clark 1977 , 165. Turk. > WMong. z?|og|dur id. face="Times New Roman Star"*jAdna- ( ? -j-) face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"to long for face="Times New Roman Star"желать, стремиться face="Times New Roman Star"jajna- dial. 'to suffer, worry' face="Times New Roman Star"c?ajna- face="Times New Roman Star"jajna-, d/ajna- 'to pine' face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 179, ЭСТЯ 4, 80. The stem seems to be distinct from the homonymous *jadna- ( ? *jajna-) 'to be spread; be wide open (eyes)' which may be derived from *jA:d- 'spread' q. v. sub *z?|a:dV (see ЭСТЯ 4, 79); let us note, however, that many of the reflexes of the latter may actually reflect our *jadna- 'to long for, miss' (cf. especially Kirgh. z?|ajna- 'to stare with envy and hope', Tur. jajna- 'to live in prosperity' etc.). face="Times New Roman Star"*syg face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"shallow face="Times New Roman Star"мелкий face="Times New Roman Star"syq (syg|) (OUygh.) face="Times New Roman Star"sy:, syq (MK ) face="Times New Roman Star"syg| face="Times New Roman Star"sy:k face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 415, EDT 804, ЭСТЯ 7. face="Times New Roman Star"*sydyr-gak face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology face="Times New Roman Star"1 a cloven hoof 2 double shin bone face="Times New Roman Star"1 раздвоенное копыто 2 двойная голенная кость face="Times New Roman Star"syd|yrg|aq (MK ) 1 face="Times New Roman Star"sig|raq 1 face="Times New Roman Star"syzyro 'fork' face="Times New Roman Star"ytarc?a 'сковородник оленьей кости' (Пек. ) face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 803. Cf. *syn|yr-.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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